Reference List

Graves, Joseph L. 2001.

The Emperor's New Clothes: Biological theories of race at the millennium New Jersey: Rutgers University press.

The simple fact ... is that science identifies no races in the human species, not because we wish there to be no races, but because the peculiar evolutionary history of our species has not led to their formation. There is more genetic variability in one tribe of East African chimpanzees than in the entire human species! Only political orthodoxy in a racially stratified society has maintained the race concept for this long. If race does not exist at the biological level, then its use in social and political policy is profoundly flawed.  (Book Cover)]

Haley, Alex. 1989.

The Autobiography of Malcolm X; As Told to Alex Haley. New York: Ballentine Books. First Ballentine Books edition, 1973.
If there was any one man who articulated the anger, the struggle, and the beliefs of American Blacks in the sixties, that man was Malcolm X. His Autobiography is now an established classic of modern America, a book that expresses like none other the crucial truth about our violent times. [Publisher (Book cover)]

Getting Here. The Story of Human Evolution. Washington, DC: The Compass Press.
While well written and full of the latest (and some of the oldest) information about human evolution, Howells insists on telling the story from the tip of his pyramid, as if we must all congratulate ourselves on having "gotten here" with such pluck and flair. He misses the troubling aspects of civilized human uniqueness in the very history he researches. [JL]

From Lucy to Language. New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc.
Probably the best, most informative, and beautiful book on the subject of human evolution ever produced. It could double as text book and popular treatment. For the first time, the public has, in this book, life-size photographs (produced by David Brill) of all diagnostic specimens from fossil hominid beginnings 4+ million years ago to modern humans. Johanson represents the latest in the shift from scientific attempts to bolster a public ego trip, to a real and passionate attempt to understand where we came from, and where we are going. [JL]

Lucy's Child; The Discovery of a Human Ancestor. New York: William Morrow and Company. Inc.
Traces the beginnings of the 3+ million year long tradition of human living prior to the recent onset of civilization. [JL]

Fences and Windows; Dispatches from the front lines of the globalization debate. New York: Picador USA, 2002.
Naomi Klein is the author of the international bestseller No Logo. In Fences and Windows, she gives readers a backstage pass to the global revolt against corporate power, from the Seattle World Trade Organization protests in 1999 through the crackdown on dissent post-September 11. Bringing together columns, speeches, essays, and front-line reportage, Klein builds a case that globalization has not been about taking barriers down, but about putting new fences up -- turning borders into militarized zones, making governments into gated communities, and putting virtually all of the planet's wealth under patent. In the face of these fences, Klein argues, a global network of activists has launched a liberation movement, one intent on opening up windows -- spaces for non-corporate culture, independent media, and most of all, for meaningful democracy. In the words of the New York Times, "Ms. Klein incarnates [her] generation's invention of the North American left." (Book Cover)

Lies My Teacher Told Me; Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. New York: Simon & Schuster, Touchstone, 1996.
Every teacher, every student of history, every citizen should read this book. It is both a refreshing antidote to what has passed for history in our educational system and a one volume education in itself. [Howard Zinn (Book Cover)]

The End of Nature. New York: Viking Penguin, Inc.
Perhaps the most significant achievement of this remarkable book is that it establishes the ecological holocaust as something that is happening now. It's a daunting realization to have to face up to, made all the more daunting by the quiet logic of the author's argument. [Time Out (Book cover)]

Nineteen Eighty­four. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1949; reprint, New York: Signet Classic.
The authority on "Doublespeak." [JL]

The Hero Within; Six Archetypes We Live By. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
Pearson helps us to understand that each of us has the right to make her own unique contribution to society. [JL]

Sale, Kirkpatrick 1990

The Conquest of Paradise: Christopher Columbus and the Columbian Legacy. New York: Penguin Books

In the dark twilight of fifteenth-century Europe, the overriding question ... was how to survive the misery and suffering and violence that seemed to be rushing the world to its end. The answer that came ... as the little fleet headed due west ... was the conquest of paradise. [Book Jacket]

Shabazz, Betty and Pathfinder Press. 1970.

By Any Means Necessary; Malcolm X New York: Pathfinder Press, 1970; reprint, 1992.
Through these speeches from the last year of his life, Malcolm X takes his place as one of the twentieth century's outstanding revolutionary thinkers and leaders. Malcolm sought, as he put it, to "internationalize" the fight against racism. [Book Cover]